Final answer:
The part of the neuron that is typically covered with myelin is the axon, which transmits electrical signals away from the cell body to other cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The part of the neuron that may be covered with myelin is the axon. Neurons have a distinctive structure consisting of a cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon. The cell body contains most of the neuron's organelles, including the nucleus. Dendrites are branch-like structures that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them toward the cell body. The axon is a long, slender projection of the neuron that transmits the electrical signal away from the cell body to other neurons, muscle cells, or glands. Axons are commonly insulated by a fatty substance known as myelin, which is produced by glial cells like Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes and serves to increase the speed of signal transmission along the axon.