Final answer:
Life expectancy is not the same for an individual throughout their life; it is a statistic that changes with age, time, and varying factors like healthcare improvements and personal health choices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "Life expectancy (e) is the same for an individual regardless of age" is false. Life expectancy is a statistical average that predicts the average length of life or the average age of death in a population.
It varies depending on a number of factors, including the year a person was born, advancements in healthcare, changes in lifestyle, and socio-economic conditions. Life expectancy is not fixed for an individual and is recalculated as a person ages. An individual's life expectancy can be affected by personal choices such as diet, exercise, and risky behaviors, as well as healthcare expenditures, including routine check-ups. Therefore, life expectancy for an individual changes as they grow older and as conditions around them change.
Moreover, population growth rate (r), which is the net number of people added to a population in a given year per 100 people already in the population, can influence life expectancy. Different birth cohorts, like those born in 1950 and 1982, will have different expected life spans. Public health data also indicate disparities based on ethnicity and race; for example, the life expectancy of Black males in the U.S. is shorter compared to White males, and access to care differs among ethnic groups.