Final answer:
Glutamate most likely increases the conductance of Na+ ions, as it would cause a depolarizing effect that moves the resting membrane potential towards the equilibrium potential of sodium.
Step-by-step explanation:
The resting membrane potential is typically around -70 mV, which is established by the uneven distribution of ions inside and outside of neurons.
Glutamate is a neurotransmitter that typically increases the permeability of the neuronal membrane to certain ions.
Given the provided equilibrium potentials for sodium (ENa = +58 mV), potassium (EK = -75 mV), and chloride (ECl = -70 mV), and knowing that a resting membrane potential is -65 mV, glutamate would most likely increase conductance for sodium ions (Na+), as they have a higher equilibrium potential (+58 mV) than the resting potential, which would drive the membrane potential towards depolarization.