Final answer:
The equilibrium potential of a positive ion ten times more concentrated inside a cell is negative, and it increases with temperature, aligning with answer option a. Negative, increases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves the Nernst Equation which is pivotal in understanding the cell potential under non-standard conditions in Chemistry. Based on the Nernst Equation, if a positive ion is ten times more concentrated inside the cell compared to the outside, the ion's equilibrium potential will change as the logarithm of the concentration difference. Given that the standard potential is defined concerning the outside being higher in concentration, this scenario implies that the inside has a lower concentration and thus a negative potential.
As for the temperature dependence, according to the Nernst Equation, the equilibrium potential varies with temperature due to the RT/nF term, where 'R' is the gas constant, 'T' is the absolute temperature, 'n' is the number of moles of electrons transferred, and 'F' is Faraday's constant. When the temperature increases, the value of 'RT/nF' increases, therefore the equilibrium potential also increases, if all other variables remain constant.
So, the correct answer is a. Negative, increases.