Final answer:
The cockroach's jumping when startled is an example of sensory-motor integration, involving a reflex arc and a neuronal circuit to produce this rapid and instinctive response.
Step-by-step explanation:
A cockroach's instinct to jump when startled is an example of sensory-motor integration. This reaction is a motor or neural reaction to a specific stimulus in the environment, also known as a reflex arc, involving sensory input, motor output, and an integrating center. In the case of the cockroach, the rapid jump is an innate behavior prompted by a stimulus that the nervous system automatically responds to, without the need for cognitive input.
In general, reflexes are the simplest circuits within the somatic nervous system requiring only a sensory fiber, an integrating center within the spinal cord, and a motor output. These types of behaviors are essential for survival, allowing an organism to respond quickly to certain stimuli, such as a threat. Thus, the cockroach's jumping response could be considered both a reflex arc (a) and a neuronal circuit (b), which are part of sensory-motor integration (c).