Final answer:
Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from higher to lower concentration. It plays a vital role in maintaining cellular integrity and adapting to changes in the solute composition of the environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It is an essential process that allows cells to maintain their integrity and adapt to changes in the solute composition of their environment. Osmosis relies on the facilitated transport of water by specialized proteins called aquaporins. Water moves across the membrane in an attempt to equalize the concentration of solutes on both sides of the membrane.