Final answer:
An automatic stay is the mechanism that halts creditors from continuing their collection efforts against a debtor who has filed for bankruptcy.
Step-by-step explanation:
A automatic stay stops the debtor's creditors from making further moves to collect the money that the debtor owes them. The automatic stay comes into effect immediately upon the filing of the bankruptcy petition and halts all collection efforts, legal or otherwise. This gives the debtor a period of relief while they reorganize their finances or the court determines the next course of action. Creditors may only resume their collection activities if the bankruptcy court lifts the stay. Not abiding by the automatic stay can result in penalties for the creditors.