Final answer:
Chemicals for cleaning surfaces and floors range from all-purpose cleaners with surfactants, acidic agents for scale, and alkaline cleaners for fats and oils. Disinfectants that kill bacteria are used for microbial control. Green cleaners offer eco-friendly options.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chemicals used for cleaning inanimate environmental surfaces and floors come in a variety of types, each with their own specific purposes and ingredients. The selection of a cleaner depends on the nature of the surface and the type of soil to be removed.
All-purpose cleaners are popular for most routine cleaning tasks and contain surfactants and water softeners to work effectively in hard water conditions. These surfactants, like alkylbenzenesulfonates, make these cleaners versatile for different surfaces. Acidic cleaning agents, with strong mineral acids and chelants, are used for removing inorganic deposits such as scaling. Alkaline cleaning agents, such as bleach and ammonia, are effective at dissolving fats, oils, and proteins. Specialized cleaners, like glass cleaners, contain alcohols and non-ionic surfactants suitable for a streak-free finish on glass surfaces without heavy soiling.
For microbial control, disinfectants such as chlorine bleach or products containing quaternary ammonium compounds are used, which can kill bacteria but do not result in sterilization. Green cleaners, which use biodegradable and eco-friendly ingredients, are also used for those who prioritize environmental sustainability.