Final answer:
The assessment finding that indicates the need to assess for extracellular fluid volume deficit is postural hypotension, which suggests a possible dehydration or low blood volume situation. Therefore the correct answer is 4.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assessment finding that should cause a nurse to further assess for extracellular fluid volume deficit is postural hypotension (answer 4). Postural hypotension, also known as orthostatic hypotension, is a drop in blood pressure upon standing, which can indicate low blood volume often associated with dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
Other findings like moist mucous membranes, supple skin turgor, or pitting edema suggest adequate hydration or possibly fluid overload, which are not indicative of extracellular fluid volume deficit.
Fluid volume deficit can cause a rise in body temperature, increased pulse rate, reduced cardiac output, and symptoms such as exhaustion and collapse. It is crucial for effective patient care to assess for these potential indicators of fluid volume deficit.