Final answer:
Protein-energy malnutrition, especially conditions like kwashiorkor, can have permanent, lifelong effects on children. Early childhood malnutrition can cause physical and cognitive developmental issues that may not be reversible, even with adequate nutrition later on. The statement in question is true.
Step-by-step explanation:
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), including conditions such as kwashiorkor and marasmus, can have lifelong negative impacts on children. Once critical growth periods in early childhood are compromised due to inadequate protein intake, the consequences can be severe, ranging from stunted growth to cognitive impairments. Even with improved nutrition later in life, the potential to fully recover from the damages incurred during these formative years is often not possible.
Kwashiorkor typically strikes children who have been weaned off breast milk and do not receive adequate protein in their diets. Recognizable by symptoms such as edema, muscle wasting, and skin conditions, kwashiorkor can lead to irreversible damage if not promptly addressed. Children may suffer from long-term cognitive and physical development challenges, making it essential to ensure adequate nutrition during the early years of life.
The statement that protein energy malnutrition in young children can negatively impact them for the rest of their lives, even if they have adequate nutrition later in childhood, is true.