Final answer:
True. Consideration and initiating structure are two key leader behaviors in the behavioral leadership approach, with consideration focusing on the leader's concern for followers, while initiating structure involves defining roles and goals. Transformational leadership, which is charismatic, inspirational, and intellectually stimulating, is generally more effective than transactional leadership.
Step-by-step explanation:
True. Consideration and initiating structure are indeed two major sets of leader behaviors identified in the behavioral approach to leadership. Consideration refers to the extent to which a leader exhibits concern and respect for followers, looks out for their welfare, and expresses support and encouragement. This style focuses on creating mutual respect or trust and focuses on a concern for group members' needs and desires. On the other hand, initiating structure involves the extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and the roles of followers in the search for goal attainment. This includes behavior that attempts to organize work, work relationships, and goals.
Research by Eagly et al. (2003) indicates that transformational leadership styles tend to be more effective than transactional approaches. Transformational leaders inspire, energize, and intellectually stimulate their followers. Transactional leadership, in contrast, is based on a system of rewards and punishments and is often associated with maintaining the status quo.
The need for leadership can vary among employees. For example, those who are more autonomous may not respond as well to high levels of structure, whereas others may prefer and benefit from a well-defined and structured environment. Understanding these differences is essential for effective leadership as the dynamics of the leader-follower relationship are complex and can be influenced by many factors, including an employee's need for leadership and growth opportunities.