Final answer:
To calculate the velocity of electrons from potassium and sodium when exposed to radiation, use the equation v = c * (1 - Φ/E), where v is the velocity of the electrons, c is the speed of light, Φ is the work function of the metal, and E is the energy of the radiation. By substituting the given values, the velocities can be calculated.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to calculate the velocity of electrons from potassium and sodium, we need to use the equation:
v = c * (1 - Φ/E)
Where:
- v is the velocity of the electrons
- c is the speed of light (3.0 imes 10^8 m/s)
- Φ is the work function of the metal
- E is the energy of the radiation
For potassium (Φ = 3.68 imes 10^-19 J) and a radiation wavelength of 300.0 nm, we can calculate the energy (E) using the equation:
E = hc/λ
Where:
- E is the energy of the radiation
- h is Planck's constant (6.63 imes 10^-34 J·s)
- c is the speed of light (3.0 imes 10^8 m/s)
- λ is the wavelength of the radiation
Similarly, for sodium (Φ = 4.41 imes 10^-19 J) and a radiation wavelength of 300.0 nm, we can calculate the energy (E).
Substituting the values into the equation, we can calculate the velocity of the electrons for potassium and sodium.