Final answer:
The question requires matching each step of inflammation with its description, involving cytokines initiation, capillary changes, leukocyte recruitment, phagocytosis, and containment of foreign matter.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks to match each step of inflammation with its corresponding description. The process of inflammation begins with the release of cytokines, which act as signaling molecules to initiate the inflammatory response. These cytokines result in the dilation of capillaries, increased permeability, and recruitment of leukocytes. Here are the correct matches:
- Cytokines are released to initiate inflammation - This is the first step in the process of inflammation.
- Capillaries dilate and become more permeable (A) - Histamines and other chemicals cause the capillaries to expand and become leaky, permitting more blood flow to the affected area.
- Macrophages engulf debris and foreign matter (B) - After neutrophils, macrophages arrive at the site of inflammation to continue phagocytosis and clean up the debris.
- Clearance of the infection by phagocytosis (C) - The cells like neutrophils and macrophages engulf and destroy pathogens through phagocytosis.
- Foreign matter is contained (D) - Part of the inflammation process is to isolate and limit the spread of the pathogen.
- Additional leukocytes are recruited to the region (E) - Cytokines and other chemotactic factors attract more white blood cells to the site of injury or infection to assist in clearing the pathogen.
The splitting of the C3 protein also brings in leukocytes for phagocytosis and to further facilitate the inflammatory response.