Final answer:
The step of inflammation involving the activation of clotting factors corresponds to the process where foreign matter is contained (D). Other steps include A) capillary dilation and increased permeability, B) macrophage activity, C) phagocytosis clearing the infection, and E) the recruitment of additional leukocytes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Each step involved in the inflammatory process can be matched with its description as follows:
- This process involves activation of clotting factors - Overall, inflammation promotes the entry of clotting factors as a first step towards wound repair, indicating that the correct match is (D) foreign matter is contained.
- A) capillaries dilate and become more permeable - This is triggered by the release of histamine and other cytokines, causing swelling and redness.
- B) macrophages engulf debris and foreign matter - This describes phagocytosis during the inflammatory response, where macrophages clean up the infecting pathogens and cell debris.
- C) clearance of the infection by phagocytosis - This step involves the consumption and digestion of pathogens by phagocytic cells such as neutrophils and macrophages.
- E) additional leukocytes are recruited to the region - The release of chemical signals like cytokines attracts more leukocytes to the site of inflammation to fight off pathogens.