Final answer:
The correct match for the cytokine secreted by virally infected cells to protect nearby cells is interferon-α (E). These interferons prompt cells to start antiviral defenses and activate immune responses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cytokine secreted by virally infected cells to induce a virus-resistant state in nearby cells is interferon-α (option E). Interferons, including both interferon-γ and interferon-α, are a class of cytokines that help to stem viral infections. When a cell is infected by a virus, it releases interferons to warn neighboring uninfected cells. These interferons then induce antiviral mechanisms, such as inhibiting viral replication, signaling for the destruction of RNA and reduction in protein synthesis, and stimulating apoptotic processes in infected cells. Additionally, these cytokines activate immune cells to combat the infection, playing a critical role in both innate and adaptive immune responses.