Final answer:
The autonomic nervous system allows the body to predict and prepare for changes through its two branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system activates the fight-or-flight response, while the parasympathetic nervous system promotes relaxation and restoration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The body's ability to predict and prepare for a change is facilitated by the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary bodily functions and has two main branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system activates the body's fight-or-flight response to prepare for a change or threat, while the parasympathetic nervous system promotes relaxation and restoration.
For example, when the body senses a potential threat, such as encountering a dangerous animal, the sympathetic nervous system triggers the release of stress hormones, increases heart rate and blood pressure, dilates pupils, and redirects blood flow to the muscles, all in anticipation of the need for heightened physical response.
Overall, the autonomic nervous system allows the body to react and adapt to changes by regulating various physiological processes to meet the body's needs.