Final answer:
When a bacteriophage genome is incorporated into the chromosome of a host bacterium, it is known as a prophage. The lysogenic cycle allows the prophage to replicate with the host's DNA and be inherited by new bacterial cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a bacteriophage genome incorporates itself into the chromosome of the host, that phage genome is referred to as a prophage. During a lysogenic cycle, a temperate bacteriophage introduces its DNA into the host bacterium's chromosome. This allows the bacteriophage DNA to be replicated along with the host's own DNA, and passed onto subsequent generations of bacteria. A bacterial host containing a prophage is known as a lysogen. Environmental stressors can trigger the prophage to excise from the bacterial genome and enter a lytic cycle, where the phage replicates independently and then causes the bacterium to lyse and release new virions.