Final answer:
Aaron takes a skeptical approach to knowledge acquisition, aligning with the philosophical viewpoint that emphasizes questioning and doubt in the validation of knowledge claims. The correct answer is option 3) skeptical.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aaron, who trusts what he observes rather than claims by others, takes a skeptical approach to knowledge acquisition. Skepticism is the view that some or all knowledge is impossible, or that all claims to knowledge should be subjected to rigorous questioning and doubt. Skeptics often require strong evidence before accepting any assertion as true. Aaron's insistence on personal observation aligns with this philosophical viewpoint, suggesting he does not readily accept information without direct evidence.
A clear example of skepticism can be found in ancient Greek thought, where figures like Socrates and the Academic Skeptics questioned the validity and possibility of true knowledge. In contrast to rationalism, which relies on a priori methods and reason to gain significant knowledge, skepticism relies on the continuous questioning of evidence and the acknowledgment that all beliefs may be open to doubt.
Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is option 3) skeptical.