Final answer:
The correct answer to the student's question is 'fecal flotation,' a diagnostic test for gastrointestinal parasites which uses a solution with higher specific gravity than the parasites' material to permit their detection.
Step-by-step explanation:
The test referred to in the question is known as fecal flotation. This test is used to diagnose gastrointestinal parasites by placing a stool sample in a solution with a higher specific gravity. The reason for this is to allow the eggs and cysts, which are lighter than the solution, to float to the top where they can be collected and then observed under a microscope. In contrast, the fecal sedimentation method uses a heavier solution to cause the heavier elements to sink, making it possible to detect heavier parasitic elements. Whereas, fecal suspension and direct smear of fecal matter are often insufficient to differentiate parasitic material when the concentration is low.
For stool O&P exams, diagnostic techniques such as a direct smear might be used initially, but for more sensitive detection, concentration techniques like flotation or sedimentation are needed. These tests might need to be performed over several days for accurate diagnosis. Following this, infections can typically be treated with antiparasitic medications such as metronidazole, tinidazole, mebendazole, albendazole, or ivermectin.