Question

What are the ways we can get diversity in the antigen binding sites. (combinatorial, multiple V, J and D segments can be used and N and P nucleotide additions ((junctional diversity))

Answer 1

The diversity in antigen binding sites is achieved through combinatorial diversity, junctional diversity, and mutation and recombination.

Step-by-step explanation:

The diversity in the antigen binding sites is achieved through several mechanisms:

1. Combinatorial diversity: The genes that code for the antigen binding sites have multiple variant V, D, and J regions. These regions can recombine in different combinations, resulting in a wide range of possible antigen binding sites.
2. Junctional diversity: During the recombination process, nucleotide additions (N and P nucleotides) can occur at the junctions between V, D, and J segments. These additions introduce further variations in the antigen binding sites.
3. Mutation and recombination: Stem cell precursors of T and B cells undergo genetic rearrangement and mutation to further increase the diversity of antigen binding sites.