Final answer:
Larger macromolecules enter and exit the cell through endocytosis and exocytosis processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
In addition to moving small ions and molecules through the membrane, cells also need to remove and take in larger molecules and particles.
There are two active transport processes that allow larger macromolecules to enter and exit the cell: endocytosis and exocytosis.
Endocytosis is the process of engulfing large particles by the cell through the invagination of the membrane, eventually forming a vesicle.
Exocytosis is the process of expelling large molecules or particles from the cell by fusing a membranous vacuole with the plasma membrane to release its contents.