Final answer:
Monogamy is not the most common form of marriage in the world as a whole; polygamy is accepted in 78% of world cultures, making the statement 2) False.
Step-by-step explanation:
The answer to the question is 2) False. Monogamy is commonly understood as the marriage between two individuals and is the most recognized form of marriage in many Western societies, like those in American and European cultures. This includes both opposite-sex and same-sex marriages.
For example, the US Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage countrywide in June 2015 with the Obergefell v. Hodges decision, acknowledging monogamous unions of any gender.
However, when looking at the global perspective, polygamy, the practice of having more than one spouse at a time, is actually accepted in a majority of cultures, particularly in regions like northern Africa and east Asia.
It's estimated that about 78 percent of societies around the world accept polygamous marriages, which are most commonly polygynous (one man married to multiple women). Hence, globally, monogamy is not the most common form of marriage.
Factors such as population growth, religious beliefs, economic reasons, and the practicalities of child labor can influence the prevalence of polygynous practices in certain cultures.