Final answer:
A bone density test, also known as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, is the best method to diagnose osteopenia and osteoporosis. This test measures bone mineral density to determine if it is below the normal level.
Correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
The best method of diagnosing osteopenia and osteoporosis is a bone density test, also known as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. This test measures bone mineral density to determine if it is below the normal level. It uses low-dose X-ray beams to measure the amount of energy absorbed by the body, which indicates the content of bone, lean tissue mass, and fat mass.