Final answer:
The two-way process by which individuals and society shape each other is called socialization. This process involves the acquisition and altering of societal norms, beliefs, and values. Resocialization is a related process that involves replacing old social norms with new ones.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two-way process by which people shape their social world through individual actions and are reshaped by society is called socialization.
Socialization is a lifelong process that reoccurs as we enter new phases of life, such as adulthood or senior age. It describes the ways that people come to understand societal norms and expectations, accept society's beliefs, and become aware of societal values.
The concept touches on how society is a social construction of reality, emphasizing that individuals continually make and alter their social structures through interpretation, participation, and resistance.
In this sense, society is not only created by humans and their interaction, as argued by sociologists Berger and Luckmann, but is also a habit that everyone accepts and perpetuates.
Furthermore, there is a process called resocialization, which removes the socialization that individuals have developed over time and replaces it with newly learned rules and roles, an adjustment that can sometimes be stressful and difficult.