Final answer:
Cognitive abilities refer to the various mental skills important for processing information and decision-making in work-related tasks, and are related to cognitive abilities discussed in the Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory. Fluid intelligence is key for problem-solving and decision-making, whereas crystallized intelligence involves the knowledge one has acquired.
Step-by-step explanation:
The intellectual abilities to process information and make accurate decisions about the work group and the job tasks refer to cognitive abilities. These involve a range of mental skills crucial for acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses. According to the most comprehensive theory of intelligence, the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory, cognitive abilities can be grouped into a hierarchy with general intelligence at the top, followed by broad abilities like fluid reasoning, short-term memory, and processing speed, and then narrow abilities at the bottom which can be directly measured and include skills like memory span and working memory capacity.
In the context of the provided question, cognitive abilities are key in situations that require decision-making, specialized knowledge of math and science, and understanding complex relationships and problem-solving, known as fluid intelligence. This contrasts with crystallized intelligence, which pertains to the knowledge acquired over time and the ability to use this knowledge. These types of intelligence are essential for a variety of tasks, from everyday problem-solving to specialized academic and professional applications.