Final answer:
Both cortisol and growth hormone promote gluconeogenesis and mobilize fatty acids, but cortisol tends to break down muscle proteins, whereas growth hormone supports muscle building.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparison of Cortisol and Growth Hormone Actions
In comparing the mechanisms of action of cortisol and growth hormone (GH), we can identify distinct differences. Both hormones are involved in promoting gluconeogenesis and mobilizing fatty acids, but they diverge significantly when it comes to muscle physiology. Cortisol tends to promote the breakdown of muscle proteins to release amino acids, which can then be used for gluconeogenesis. This demonstrates its catabolic effects on muscle tissue.
Conversely, growth hormone plays a crucial role in muscle building due to its anabolic effect. It enhances the rate of protein synthesis in skeletal muscles, contributing to muscle growth and repair. While both hormones contribute to energy mobilization, their actions on muscle tissue are distinct and represent a key difference in their physiological roles.