Final answer:
A nurse can be cited for malpractice for actions such as administering a medication to which a patient is allergic, causing harm while moving an injured person, or breaching patient confidentiality standards.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of malpractice, a nurse may be cited for actions that harm or could potentially harm a patient. Refusing to give a prescribed medication like morphine without valid reason could be seen as neglect. However, administering a medication such as prochlorperazine (Compazine) to a patient allergic to phenothiazines is a clear and direct violation of the principle of nonmaleficence, as it causes harm to the patient.
Similarly, dragging an injured person from a highway and causing further injury is reckless and may fall under malpractice if the nurse is acting in a professional capacity. Informing a visitor about a patient's condition without the patient's consent may breach confidentiality agreements and can also be considered as malpractice due to the violation of privacy standards. Each action could lead to a malpractice citation due to the potential or actual harm to the patient and the breach of expected standards of care.