Final answer:
Hofstede's model of National Culture consists of Power Distance, Individualism vs. Collectivism, Masculinity vs. Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Long-Term vs. Short-Term Orientation. These dimensions influence behaviors and values in different cultures, with Western societies typically favoring individualism and other regions like Asia favoring collectivism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The components that are part of Hofstede's model of National Culture include:
1) Power Distance, which is the extent to which less powerful members of organizations and institutions accept and expect that power is distributed unequally;
2) Individualism vs. Collectivism, which refers to the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups, with individualist cultures giving more importance to personal achievement and collectivist cultures stressing group goals;
3) Masculinity vs. Femininity, this dimension reflects the distribution of emotional roles between the genders and among societies;
4) Uncertainty Avoidance, which expresses the degree to which the members of a society feel uncomfortable with uncertainty and ambiguity;
5) Long-Term vs. Short-Term Orientation, which pertains to the linkage of the past with the current actions and future challenges, cultivating virtues oriented towards future rewards, in particular perseverance and thrift.
These dimensions of culture play a significant role in how individuals and societies develop particular personality traits and cultural features. Individualist cultures, such as those in Western countries like the United States and the United Kingdom, emphasize personal achievements and independence, while collectivist cultures, which are prevalent in many Asian, African, and South American countries, prioritize social harmony, and the needs of the group over the individual.