Final answer:
Childhood impulsivity is the factor linked to early and frequent teenage sexual activity, as it can lead to risk-taking behaviors and is exacerbated by early puberty and peer influences. Option 4 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Childhood impulsivity is among the factors linked to early and frequent teenage sexual activity. Impulsivity may lead to a range of risky behaviors, including the initiation of sexual activity at a younger age. Adolescents who go through puberty earlier can also be prone to more risk-taking behaviors, including sexual activities, due to the psychological and social challenges that accompany early physical development.
These challenges can lead to poor body image, low self-esteem, and a desire for validation, potentially resulting in earlier sexual experiences. Studies have indicated that factors like peer influence can further exacerbate these behaviors, making adolescents more susceptible to engaging in risky sexual activities.
Therefore, among the listed options, childhood impulsivity (4) is most clearly linked to early and frequent teenage sexual activity. This can be contrasted with factors such as late pubertal timing, small family size, and family religious involvement, which do not show as strong a correlation with such behaviors according to the research cited.
Hence, the correct option is 4.