Question

100. ________ parenting is linked to higher grades and achievement test scores among adolescents varying widely in socioeconomic status.

1) Permissive
2) Authoritarian
3) Uninvolved
4) Authoritative

Answer 1

The authoritative parenting style is linked with higher academic achievement among adolescents and is characterized by a balanced approach of warmth, responsiveness, and reasonable demands.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question refers to the impact of parenting styles on adolescents' achievement across varying socioeconomic statuses. Research by Diana Baumrind and subsequent studies have identified four primary styles: authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved. Among these, the authoritative parenting style is linked with higher grades and achievement test scores in adolescents.

Authoritative parents provide a balance of responsiveness and demandingness, expressing warmth and setting reasonable limits while also valuing the child's perspective. This approach fosters high self-esteem, strong social skills, and is associated with positive academic outcomes.

Conversely, authoritarian parenting emphasizes strict obedience, permissive parenting features low demands and high responsiveness, and uninvolved parenting shows neglectful behavior—which each carry varying impacts on child development.

Answer 2

Authoritative parenting is linked to higher grades and achievement test scores among adolescents varying widely in socioeconomic status.

Option 4 is correct.

Step-by-step explanation:

Authoritative parenting is associated with higher grades and achievement test scores among adolescents, regardless of their socioeconomic status. This parenting style is characterized by a balance of warmth, responsiveness, and clear expectations. Research consistently shows that children raised by authoritative parents tend to perform better academically compared to those with permissive, authoritarian, or uninvolved parents.

Firstly, authoritative parents provide a supportive and nurturing environment while also setting reasonable limits and expectations. This balance fosters a sense of autonomy and responsibility in their children, contributing to positive academic outcomes. The warmth and responsiveness of authoritative parenting create a secure foundation for children to explore and excel in their educational pursuits.

Secondly, studies have demonstrated the positive impact of authoritative parenting on academic achievement across diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Unlike some other parenting styles that may be more context-dependent, authoritative parenting's effectiveness in promoting educational success appears to be robust across various economic circumstances. This suggests that the benefits of authoritative parenting extend beyond financial considerations.

In conclusion, the correlation between authoritative parenting and higher academic performance underscores the importance of a supportive yet structured approach to child-rearing. The consistent positive outcomes associated with authoritative parenting make it a valuable model for parents aiming to foster their children's success in school and beyond.

Option 4 is correct.