Final answer:
When society sees the body as a machine and sport as a performance task, it is likely that technology will be used to optimize athletes' bodily functions, leading to the necessity of maintaining fair competition through guidelines and drug testing.
Step-by-step explanation:
Direct answer: When people in a society generally see the body as a machine and sport as a task-based performance, it is likely that athletes will use technology to control and manage their bodies.
Explanation: Sports are a form of cultural performance, and the way athletes perform is greatly influenced by societal values and technological advancements. The perception of the body as a machine suggests a focus on efficiency, productivity, and often leads to the employment of various technologies to enhance performance. This includes research into minimizing drag in sports like swimming and cycling, as well as the use of equipment designed to optimize the body's functions. Ethical issues arise, such as the use of performance-enhancing drugs, leading to rigorous drug testing to ensure fair competition and athlete health.
While this mechanistic view may lead to impressive athletic achievements and innovations in sportswear and equipment, it contrasts with a focus on sport for bodily pleasure and play. The anthropological approach to sports shows that there is a balance to be struck between performance and enjoyment, as well as between fairness and competitive edge. Indeed, sports serve multiple roles in society, from providing opportunities for youth development to acting as a form of entertainment and cultural expression.