Final answer:
The ethical principles in nursing include Autonomy (patients' self-determination), Fidelity (trust and truthfulness), Beneficence (acting for the good of others), Justice (fair and equitable treatment), and Nonmaleficence (avoiding harm to patients). These principles ensure that medical professionals provide care that is both ethical and effective.
The correct answers are: 1) Autonomy, 2) Fidelity, 3) Justice and 4) Beneficence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ethical principles of nursing that guide medical professionals' interactions with patients are paramount in ensuring compassionate, effective, and fair health care. These include:
- Autonomy: This principle states that patients have the right to exercise self-determination regarding their health care decisions. In clinical trials, this is upheld by obtaining informed consent, which ensures participants have all necessary information to make their own choices.
- Fidelity: This duty emphasizes the importance of keeping promises, being truthful, and maintaining the trust of the patients.
- Beneficence: Health care providers must act in ways that benefit the patient, taking positive steps to improve the patient's condition and to do good.
- Justice: This principle ensures that patients are treated equitably and fairly, and that there is fairness in medical decision-making and the distribution of resources.
- Nonmaleficence: Professionals are obliged to not cause harm and to protect patients from unnecessary harm, considering potential risks in every medical intervention or clinical trial.
The correct answers are: 1) Autonomy, 2) Fidelity, 3) Justice and 4) Beneficence.