Final answer:
Bridge employment describes an individual's part-time or temporary work post-retirement, while bridging within social movements refers to the collaboration of independent groups with shared goals to form a stronger collective organization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bridge employment refers to a phenomenon where retired or semi-retired individuals engage in part-time, temporary, or intermittent work after their primary career has ended. This concept contrasts the traditional view of retirement as a complete withdrawal from the workforce.
Deferred or phased retirement, as well as freelance or consulting work, are all examples of bridge employment. This transitional employment can provide financial support, personal fulfillment, and an opportunity for retirees to stay active and connected to their professional fields.
Organizations also engage in a form of bridging when they collaborate with others to achieve shared goals. Such collaborations happen in social movements, where uninvolved individuals or less organized groups bridge with structured but unrelated organizations, sharing similar interests or aspirations, to forge a stronger collective.
This process of connecting disparate entities reflects one of the aspects of the frame alignment process, specifically termed 'bridging.' An example of this could be environmental groups with different focuses, such as wildlife preservation and pollution reduction, uniting to address climate change more effectively. These joint efforts can lead to more potent social movement organizations and successful advocacy.