Final answer:
Insulin is a peptide hormone that regulates blood glucose levels. Drinking sufficient water is crucial for health, but overconsumption can be harmful. Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance, which leads to improper blood sugar regulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Insulin and Its Role in the Body
Insulin is a peptide hormone that is crucial for regulating the amount of sugar (glucose) in the blood. It promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, where it can be used for energy or stored for later use. Insulin falls under the class of biochemical compounds known as proteins.
Importance of Water & Risks of Overconsumption
Drinking enough water is vital for overall health as it maintains bodily functions, such as regulation of temperature, removal of waste products, and aiding in digestion. However, it is possible to drink too much water, leading to a condition known as hyponatremia, where the balance of electrolytes in the body is disrupted.
Metabolism of Glucose
Glucose is metabolized in a process known as cellular respiration to yield ATP, which is the primary energy currency in cells. This process involves a series of biochemical reactions within the cell's mitochondria.
Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, where the hormone insulin does not effectively transmit its signal to the cells, leading to improper regulation of blood sugar levels. This can have severe consequences for the health of an individual.
Diabetes Symptoms Indicative of Ketosis
If a diabetic's breath smells like alcohol, it could be a sign of excess ketones in the body, potentially indicating a dangerous condition called ketoacidosis.