Final answer:
Cells in a state preceding DNA synthesis without dividing are in quiescence, or the Go phase, which occurs after the G1 checkpoint to ensure DNA replication occurs correctly.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cells that have stopped dividing and are arrested in a stage preceding the initiation of DNA synthesis are said to be in a state called quiescence, or more specifically, the Go phase. The Go phase is a point in the cell cycle where terminally differentiated cells reside, having exited the active cycle and now focusing on performing specific functions rather than preparing to divide. This stage often follows the G1 checkpoint, where a cell assesses whether all conditions are favorable for DNA replication. If a cell is not ready to proceed to DNA synthesis or if there's damage that needs repair, it may enter the Go phase. This state ensures that the cell does not initiate DNA replication until it is fully prepared, preventing possible errors in cell division that could lead to malfunction or disease.