Final answer:
The Beadle-Tatum experiment aimed to provide evidence for the 'one gene-one enzyme' hypothesis. They used mutated mold to identify the dependence of certain mutants on specific supplements. Their findings demonstrated that genes in an organism encode specific enzymes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The purpose of the Beadle-Tatum experiment was to demonstrate that each gene in an organism encodes one specific enzyme, supporting the 'one gene-one enzyme' hypothesis. They used the mold Neurospora crassa and subjected it to X-ray radiation to induce mutations. By growing the mutated mold on various media, they identified mutants that required specific supplements, such as amino acids, to survive.