Final answer:
The function of a significant percentage of genes in sequenced genomes is partially known or unknown. Through reverse genetics employing RNAi technology and high-throughput screening, scientists work to determine gene functions. Pharmacogenomics, a pertinent field of study, aids in personalizing medical treatment based on individual genomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the realm of genomics and DNA sequencing, the function of a significant percentage of genes within many sequenced genomes remains partially known or unknown. While we have detailed genetic maps and can sequence entire genomes, identifying the precise function of each gene is an ongoing scientific challenge. Through methods such as reverse genetics and tools like RNAi technology, researchers can attempt to determine gene functions. A plan for conducting research to assign functions to protein sequences might involve synthesizing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from DNA segments, and then implementing high-throughput screening to study the effects of gene silencing across numerous experiments.
Pharmacogenomics is a field that merges pharmacology and genomics to analyze how genetic makeup affects an individual's response to drugs. It plays a crucial role in personalized medicine, whereby medical treatment can be tailored to individuals based on their genome. The significance of studying the human genome extends beyond medical applications, offering insights into human evolution and aiding in predicting disease risks individually.