Final answer:
According to the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, genes are segments of DNA located on chromosomes. They are the units of heredity that are passed from parents to offspring. During meiosis, genes can undergo recombination, resulting in new combinations of genes in offspring.
Step-by-step explanation:
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Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance states that genes are located on chromosomes, which carry the genetic material. Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific traits, making them the units of heredity passed from parents to offspring. During meiosis, the process of cell division that produces gametes, genes undergo recombination, resulting in new combinations of genes in offspring.