Final answer:
Federalism is a system of government where power is divided between a central government and regional governments, each with their own powers and responsibilities, ensuring a balance of power and accommodating regional differences within a strong, united nation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Federalism is the system of government where power is divided between a national, or central, government and various regional governments, such as states or provinces. This division is constitutionally established, creating two levels of government each with its own set of powers and responsibilities. The United States, Canada, and Germany are examples of countries with a federal system. In the U.S., some specific powers are granted to the federal government, like negotiating treaties, while others are reserved for state governments, such as establishing local driving laws. Federalism is designed to balance the autonomy of each level of government, allowing them to operate directly on behalf of the people within their jurisdiction, as seen in how powers are constitutionally allocated to both levels of government.
The federal government has the exclusive authority to print money and regulate interstate and foreign commerce. At the same time, state governments manage a variety of local issues that directly affect their residents. This duality ensures a balance of power, preventing either level from becoming too dominant. Furthermore, American federalism contributes to a system that balances decentralization with the need for a strong central authority, allowing different states to have their unique policies while also uniting under a capable federal administration.