Final answer:
Heating the raw gypsum in the manufacturing process is known as calcination, which forms plaster of Paris.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of heating raw gypsum in the manufacturing process is known as calcination. Calcination involves heating the raw mineral gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate) to a high temperature, which removes part of the water of crystallization and results in the formation of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, commonly known as plaster of Paris. This calcination process is an essential step in the production of many construction and industrial materials, including wallboard and plaster products.