Final answer:
Normalization typically takes place during the Design phase of an SDLC project, where data models are created and optimized for minimal redundancy and dependency, establishing a solid foundation for the subsequent Implementation phase.
Step-by-step explanation:
Normalization is a process wherein database structures are optimized to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. It typically occurs during the Design phase of an SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) project. In the context of SDLC, the Design phase follows Planning and Analysis and precedes Implementation. This is the stage where, after requirements are gathered and analyzed, the system architecture and database design are established. The goal of normalization during this phase is to develop logical data models that accurately represent the data requirements of the system.
Normalization involves organizing data in a database in such a way that it meets two basic requirements: ensuring minimal redundancy and dependency. These procedures result in the separation of data into additional tables, often helping to ensure data consistency and reduce the potential for anomalies when inserting, updating or deleting data. The process of normalization through various normal forms, typically from 1NF (First Normal Form) up to 3NF (Third Normal Form) or higher, is crucial for a robust design.
The last step of the Design process, before moving on to the Implementation phase, includes several checks like Testing and Evaluating, Communicating the Process and Results, Refining the Design, and finally, the Implementation of the actual design. However, effective Database Design ensures that these steps are taken only after a comprehensive normalization process has been completed.