Final answer:
A Parameter query requires users to enter criteria, such as a range of dates, before generating a report and is often used for creating interactive reports.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of query that requires users who open the report to first enter criteria, such as a range of dates, is called a Parameter query.
This query prompts users to enter information before displaying results, which can be especially useful in creating flexible and interactive reports.
To use a Parameter query as the record source for a report, you would typically define parameters in the query design, using square brackets around the prompt, for example, [Enter Start Date] and [Enter End Date]. When the report is run, it will ask the user to provide the necessary criteria for these parameters.
Therefore, the correct option is 1) Parameter query.