Final answer:
The Hylobatidae family, or gibbons, includes arboreal apes known for their brachiation. The Hominidae family consists of chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, and humans, who share a large brain size, complex behaviors, and over 97% DNA with each other.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Hylobatidae family, also known as gibbons or lesser apes, includes small arboreal apes that are found in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. They are known for their incredible brachiating skills, which involve swinging from tree limb to tree limb using their long arms. Gibbons are distinguished from great apes by their smaller size, monogamous pair bonding, and the lack of great apes' complex social structures.
The Hominidae family, colloquially referred to as great apes or hominids, encompasses chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, and humans. Members of the Hominidae are known for their larger body size compared to lesser apes, their more complex brain and behaviors, and lack of tails. They share over 97% of their DNA with humans and are capable of developing language and culture.
Both families fall under the superfamily Hominoidea, which along with humans, includes all non-human great apes. This group evolved from catarrhines in Africa about 25 million years ago and is characterized by a large brain size relative to body size, an increased reliance on vision over smell, and a more flexible shoulder joint that allows for varied locomotion in the trees or on the ground, and is primarily associated with bipedalism in humans.