Final answer:
Theory X assumes workers dislike work and prefer to be told what to do, while Theory Y assumes workers enjoy work and want to take part in setting their own work goals. Theory Z combines Japanese and American management practices, emphasizing long-term employment and employee involvement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Theory X
Theory X is a management approach that assumes workers dislike work, avoid responsibility, and prefer to be told what to do. Managers using this theory rely on control, punishments, and a transactional leadership style to achieve goals.
Theory Y
Theory Y is a management approach that assumes workers enjoy work, seek responsibility, and want to participate in setting their own work goals. Managers using this theory encourage employee input, use rewards and enticements, and adopt a transformational leadership style to achieve goals.
Theory Z
Theory Z is a management approach developed by William Ouchi that combines Japanese and American management practices. It emphasizes long-term employment, employee loyalty, and decision-making through consensus. Theory Z emphasizes employee involvement, teamwork, and a focus on building relationships.