Final answer:
The consequences associated with sleep disturbances that James is experiencing include a higher risk of chronic diseases, impaired cognitive functions, and mood disorders. These can manifest as depression-like symptoms, decrease in alertness, cognitive impairments, and even hallucinations with severe sleep deprivation.
Step-by-step explanation:
James is experiencing a poor quality of sleep leading to insufficient sleep. The consequences associated with sleep disturbances include all of the following: 1) Increased risk of chronic diseases, 2) Impaired cognitive function, 3) Mood disorders.
Lack of sleep not only results in decreased mental alertness and cognitive function but also in depression-like symptoms, higher chances of obesity, elevated blood pressure, higher stress hormone levels, and reduced immune functioning. Sleep deprivation can have drastic effects on motor function, comparable to alcohol intoxication, especially when an individual stays awake for more than 24 hours or repeatedly sleeps less than 4 hours per night.