Final answer:
Comparing case studies in the social sciences is crucial for determining the generalizability of the findings to the broader population and for ethical research practices. It allows researchers to test and verify their observations and to understand the historical dimensions of comparative international systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering appropriate comparisons in social sciences, comparing case studies is essential to ensure that we can generalize findings beyond the specific instances studied. Case studies provide in-depth analysis of unique instances, such as studies involving rare characteristics or behaviors. The richness of information in case studies is invaluable; however, this specificity can limit the ability to generalize the results to a broader population.
In social sciences, it is often necessary to compare case studies to highlight differences and similarities across varying situations or populations. For instance, when researchers examine the effectiveness of different diet and exercise programs or how different income brackets might influence voting behavior, they are employing comparative case study methods.
Replicating the findings of case studies by other researchers is crucial. By doing so, the robustness and transferability of the observations to larger or different populations are tested. Sociological studies, in particular, must be conducted carefully, especially when comparing highly specific cases like those of twins, which may not represent the general population (singletons).
The ethics of research involving human subjects cannot be overlooked when conducting case studies. Researchers are required to maintain objectivity and avoid bias. Ethical considerations involve laws and codes that protect participants and require institutional review board (IRB) approval for academic studies. Furthermore, university policies often provide strict guidelines governing research on human subjects.
Comparative international systems study is an example of academic inquiry where comparative historical analysis is necessary. The comparison of different systems invariably leads to a historical dimension as systems are rooted in their own historical contexts and development.