Final answer:
The segregation of duties is true and relates to dividing responsibilities in a business to reduce risks, while the necessary and proper clause actually expands the national government's power, making the statement false.
Step-by-step explanation:
The segregation of duties is an internal control activity that seeks to prevent fraud and errors. This concept is often used in the sphere of accounting and business processes. Segregation of duties involves dividing responsibilities among different people to reduce the risk of errors or inappropriate actions. The usual functions involved are authorization (approving transactions and decisions), execution (carrying out transactions and implementing decisions), recording (keeping accurate records of transactions and events), and custody or safeguarding of assets (protecting physical and digital resources).
This concept is different from the purposes of government outlined by functionalism which are maintaining law and order, meeting social needs, planning and directing society, and distributing resources, but not necessarily doing so equally. Therefore, the statement that segregation of duties consists of the four functions authorizing, executing, recording, and safeguarding is true, but it is not related to the purposes of government as per functionalism.
Regarding the effects of the necessary and proper clause, it actually expands the power of the national government rather than limiting it. Therefore, the statement that the necessary and proper clause has had the effect of limiting the power of the national government is false.