Final answer:
The rhomboid minor muscle connects the spinous process of C7-T5 to the vertebral border of the scapula, facilitating upper back movements and shoulder stabilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The muscle that attaches from the spinous process of C7-T5 to the vertebral border of the scapula is known as the rhomboid minor muscle. The rhomboid minor is one of the several muscles that connect the scapula to the vertebral column, facilitating movements of the upper back and contributing to the stabilization of the shoulder. The rhomboid muscles (minor and major) are integral in retracting the scapula, meaning they bring the shoulder blades closer together.