Final answer:
Declarative memory is the type of memory that can be consciously accessed and recalled. This includes autobiographical (episodic) and factual (semantic) knowledge. In contrast, procedural memory and classical conditioning, which fall under implicit memory, are not accessed consciously.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of memory that can be accessed for conscious recollection is declarative memory. Declarative memory is a type of long-term memory that includes information about facts and events that an individual has personally experienced. This form of memory is under our conscious control and can be explicitly recalled. For instance, episodic memory, a subset of declarative memory, contains autobiographical information about the events we have experienced, whereas semantic memory includes knowledge about the world. Declarative memory is critical for tasks such as recalling the information for an essay test or remembering an acquaintance's name at a reunion.
In contrast, procedural memory is a component of implicit memory, which is not typically accessible through conscious thought and includes knowledge of how to perform various skills, such as riding a bicycle or driving a car. Similarly, classical conditioning and other forms of learning that are part of implicit memory influence our behavior without requiring conscious access to the memories. Therefore, procedural memory and classical conditioning are not primarily used for conscious recollection.