Final answer:
Empirical, theoretical, and practical theories all influence evidence in current evidence-based practice (EBP). EBP combines clinical expertise with empirical research, theoretical frameworks, and practical application to inform effective care. The correct option is 4.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering which types of theory influence the “evidence” in current “evidence-based practice (EBP)”, we must look at the roles of empirical theory, theoretical theory, and practical theory.
Evidence-based practice integrates clinical expertise with the best available empirical research while also considering patients' preferences and values, which suggests that all three types of theory are important.
Empirical theories, which are based on direct and indirect observation or experience, influence EBP through the collection and analysis of data to assess the effectiveness of practices or interventions.
Theoretical theories, which are abstract and conceptual frameworks, help inform and guide the development of new practices or the refinement of existing ones. Practical theory applies the knowledge derived from empirical evidence and theoretical frameworks, informing the decision-making process in clinical settings.
Evidence-based practice is enriched by the interdisciplinary nature of these theories. General theories must be consistent with most or all available data and other current theories, which is essential for the reliability of evidence-based practices. Each of these theories complements the others to form a robust basis for EBP, indicating that the correct answer is “4) All of the above.”